Mukushanda kwakabatana negrid ye high-voltageseti dzejenareta yedhiziri, kunzwisisa kwekugoverwa kwesimba rinoita basa remagetsi kunoenderana zvakananga nekugadzikana kwemayuniti, kuchengetedzeka kwegridi yemagetsi uye hupenyu hwebasa remidziyo. Sebhizinesi rinotarisisa mashandiro emidziyo yemagetsi nekugadzirisa uye masevhisi ehunyanzvi, tinobatanidza ruzivo rwekushanda panzvimbo iyi kuti tiongorore zvizere matambudziko makuru, zvikanganiso zvakajairika uye mhinduro dzekugoverwa kwesimba rinoita basa remagetsi kune majenareta edhiziri ane grid ane voltage yepamusoro (10.5kV/6.3kV), zvichipa nhungamiro inoshanda kune vanobatana muindasitiri.
I. Nheyo Dzekutanga: Nzvimbo Dzakakosha Dzekugovera Simba Rinoshanda
Zvichienzaniswa nemayuniti ane voltage shoma, pfungwa huru yekugoverwa kwesimba rinoita basa remagetsi ane voltage yakawanda yakabatana negridseti dzejenareta yedhizirizvakafanana, asi zvinodiwa pakufananidza ma parameter nekudzivirira insulation zvakanyanya kuomarara. Nheyo dzayo huru dzinogona kupfupikiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: AVR Droop inoenderera mberi, matched excitation reference, uye in-place circulating current depression. Kana nheyo idzi nhatu dzatyorwa, matambudziko akadai se reactive power imbalance, overweight circulating current, voltage oscillation, uye kunyange AVR device kana unit overheating uye grid grid zvinogona kuitika, zvichikanganisa zvakanyanya kugadzikana kwe grid-connected system.
Panyaya yemutemo, simba remagetsi rinoita basa reQ rinotsanangurwa nemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi (excitation current) uye magetsi emagetsi emagetsi (terminal voltage), uye rinoita kuti simba remagetsi rive rakasanganiswa (decoupled control) nemagetsi anoshanda (active power) (active power) (power ...
Zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha kuti grid connection irambe yakasimba ndeizvi: mayuniti ese anofanira kunge akaiswa positive droop (, conventional range 2%–5%), uye direct parallel operation isina droop kana negative droop inorambidzwa; droop coefficients yeyuniti yega yega inofanira kunge yakafanana (kutsetseka kwakafanana kwemayuniti ane simba rakafanana, uye kuenderana ne inverse proportion kune simba remayuniti ane simba rakasiyana); no-load voltage inofanira kuenzaniswa nguva dzose kudzivirira inherent circulating current.
II. Matambudziko Akasiyana uye Mazano Engozi dzeKubatanidza Grid Yemagetsi Akawanda
Kuwedzera kune matambudziko akajairika emayuniti ane voltage shoma, kugoverwa kwesimba remagetsi kweseti dzejenareta yedhiziri ine voltage yakawanda (10.5kV/6.3kV) kune matambudziko anotevera anofanirwa kutariswa:
1. Zvinodiwa Zvakasimba zveInsulation uye Voltage Stainless
Kudzivirira kwemagetsi emagetsi ane simba guru, zvishandiso zveAVR, PT (Potential Transformers), CT (Current Transformers) uye tambo dzinobatanidza kunofanirwa kuenderana nemamiriro ekunze ane simba guru; zvikasadaro, matambudziko akadai sekupwanyika, kupwanyika kwemagetsi uye kusashanda zvakanaka kwemidziyo zvinogona kuitika. Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti kukuvadzwa kwesimba rinotenderera rinoita basa padivi rine simba guru kwakakura kupfuura kuri padivi rine simba shoma. Kudzivirira kwakawanda kunowedzera simba remagetsi rinoita kuti magetsi awedzere kupisa, izvo zvinozokonzera zvikanganiso zvakakura zvakaita se inter-turn short circuit uye winding burn.
2. Kururama kwePT/CT uye Wiring Hazvigone Kuregeredzwa
Zvikanganiso mukuchinja kwehuwandu, polarity uye phase sequence yePT neCT zvinotungamira mukukanganiswa kweAVR sampling, izvo zvinozokonzera kusagadzikana kwemitemo ye excitation, uye pakupedzisira zvinoguma nekusawirirana kukuru kwekugoverwa kwesimba re reactive uye oscillation ye voltage. Panguva imwe chete, secondary circuit yeCT iri kudivi re high-voltage inorambidzwa zvachose kuvhurika, zvikasadaro ichagadzira zviuru zvemavolts e overvoltage, zvichikanganisa zvakananga AVR nemidziyo ye control circuit.
3. Kusawirirana kweAVR Kudonha kweAVR injodzi yakajairika yakavanzwa
Kusawirirana kweAVR droop coefficient ndicho chikonzero chinowanzoita kuti simba remagetsi risabatanidzwe zvisina kuenzana mukubatanidza kwemagetsi ane simba rakawanda: kana musiyano we droop coefficients pakati pemayuniti ane simba rakaenzana ukadarika 0.5%, kukanganisa kwekugovera simba remagetsi kunodarika 10%; kana mayuniti ane simba rakasiyana akasaisa droop coefficient mu inverse proportional ne capacity, iyo hombe unit ichave isina kuzara uye iyo diki unit ichave yakawandisa ne reactive power. Nekuda kwe excitation current yakakura yemayuniti ane simba rakawanda, matambudziko e circulating current ne equipment heating anokonzerwa ne droop mismatch achaonekwa zvakanyanya.
4. Kusiyana kweSisitimu yeKufadza uye Njodzi dzeKubatanidza Grid neMagetsi eMunicipal
Kana kukwidziridzwa kusina brush uye kukwidziridzwa kwakakweshwa, kukwidziridzwa kwechikamu chechikamu uye kukwidziridzwa kunodzorwa zvikasanganiswa mumayuniti akabatana negrid, zvinotungamira kukusawirirana kwehunhu hwekunze hweyuniti, zvichikonzera kudonha kwesimba remagetsi rinoita reactive uye kusagadzikana kwevoltage; musiyano mukumira kwemhepo inokwidziridzwa kwemayuniti ane voltage yepamusoro uchaitawo kuti pave nekusawirirana kwesimba remagetsi, izvo zvinozokonzera kusawirirana kwesimba remagetsi rinoita reactive. Pamusoro pezvo, kana grid yakabatana nesimba remuguta (grid guru remagetsi, hunhu husina kudonha), iyoseti yejenareta yedhiziriinofanira kuiswa ne positive droop ye3%–5%, zvikasadaro "ichabviswa pachiyero" ne power grid, zvichikonzera matambudziko akadai se reactive power backfeeding, AVR saturation uye unit dripping; kusakwana kwe synchronization ye voltage, frequency uye phase grid before connection zvichakonzerawo excitation system kusagadzikana, zvichikonzera reactive power distribution imbalance.
III. Zviitiko Zvinowanzoitika Pakukanganisa uye Nzira Dzekukurumidza Dzekugadzirisa Matambudziko
Mukushanda panzvimbo iyi, zvinotevera zvinogona kushandiswa kuwana matambudziko ekugovera magetsi nekukurumidza uye kuvandudza mashandiro ekugadzirisa matambudziko:
- Chiitiko 1: Chiyuniti chimwe chine simba guru rekuita uye simba shoma (semuenzaniso, 0.7), nepo chimwe chine simba diki rekuita uye simba guru (semuenzaniso, 0.95) — Chikonzero chikuru: Kudonha kweAVR kusingaenderane uye magadzirirwo emagetsi asina mutoro asina kuenzana.
- Chiitiko chechipiri: Kutenderera kwemagetsi nguva nenguva uye kusvetuka kwesimba rinoita basa mushure mekubatanidza grid — Chikonzero chikuru: Kudonha kwehuwandu hwemagetsi pedyo ne zero (hapana kudonha), kudonha kusina kunaka, kana sisitimu yekumutsa isina kugadzikana.
- Chiitiko chechitatu: Kugumburwa kakawanda kwemaswichi ane voltage yakawanda, kupisa kwakanyanya kwe stator, uye alarm yeAVR overheating — Chikonzero chikuru: Simba rakawandisa re reactive circulating current, simba re reactive overload reyuniti imwe chete, kana PT/CT failure.
- Chiitiko chechina: Mushure mekubatanidza grid nemagetsi emuguta, simba rekuita redhiziri rinova negative (rinotora simba rekuita reactive) uye simba ndiro riri kutungamira — Chikonzero chikuru: Kugadzika kwevoltage yedhiziri redhiziri kwakaderera pane grid voltage, kudonha kwacho kudiki, kana kuti excitation haina kukwana.
IV. Mhinduro Dzinoshanda Pabasa
Tichitarisa dambudziko rekugoverwa kwesimba remagetsi rinoita kuti magetsi edhiziri ashande zvakanaka pamagetsi ane simba remagetsi, pamwe chete neruzivo rwekushanda panzvimbo yacho, tinogona kutanga nezvinhu zvitatu: kugadziriswa kwekubatanidza dhiziri risati rasvika, kugadziriswa kwekubatanidza dhiziri mushure medhiziri, uye kutonga kwesimba remagetsi kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti magetsi anoshanda zvakanaka uye mashandiro akagadzikana esystem.
1. Kubatana kwePre-grid: Kuenzanisa kweParameter yeKuita
Kugadziriswa kweparameter usati wabatanidza grid ndiyo hwaro hwekudzivirira matambudziko ekugoverwa kwesimba re reactive. Zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha zvinofanirwa kutariswa pazviri: chekutanga, AVR droop setting. Kuderedzwa kwe droop coefficient yemayuniti ane simba rakafanana kunodzorwa pa2%–5% (yakajairika 4%), uye mayuniti ese anowirirana zvachose; kumayuniti ane simba rakasiyana, droop coefficient inoiswa mu inverse proportional to the capacity (). Semuenzaniso, 1000kVA unit yakaiswa pa4%, uye 500kVA unit yakaiswa pa8%. Chechipiri, kugadziriswa kwe voltage isina mutoro. Voltage yechipiri yePT padivi re high-voltage yakabatana (semuenzaniso, 100V), uye kutsauka kwe AVR no-load voltage kunodzorwa mukati me ±0.5%. Chechitatu, kuongororwa kwe PT/CT. Tarisa kana transformation ratio, polarity uye phase sequence zvakarurama, iva nechokwadi chekuti secondary circuit iri pasi, uye rambidza zvachose kuvhurwa kwe CT secondary circuit.
2. Kubatana kwePost-grid: Kunyatsogadzirisa Reactive Power Distribution
Mushure mekubatanidza grid, musimboti wekuti "kusimbisa simba rinoita basa kutanga, wozogadzirisa simba rinoita basa" unofanirwa kuteverwa kuti ugadzirise kugoverwa kwesimba rinoita basa zvishoma nezvishoma: kutanga, tarisa data remagetsi rinoita basa, mita yesimba uye mita yemagetsi yeyuniti yega yega; kana yuniti iine simba guru rinoita basa (simba rakaderera), kukwidziridzwa kweyuniti kunogona kuderedzwa (AVR yakaderera yakapihwa kukosha); kana simba rinoita basa iri rakaderera (simba rakawanda), kukwidziridzwa kweyuniti kunogona kuwedzerwa. Chinangwa chikuru ndechekuita kuti kugoverwa kwesimba rinoita basa rienderane nekukwanisa, nekukanganisa kwekugoverwa kuchidzorwa mukati me ±10% (zvichienderana ne GB/T 2820 standard), kutsauka kwemagetsi ≤±5%, uye simba rinoita basa rirambe riri pa 0.8–0.9 lagging. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira, basa reAVR otomatiki rekugovera mutoro (equalizing line/circulating current compensation) rinogona kuvhurwa. Kune mayuniti ane voltage yakawanda, DC equalizing lines (yemuenzaniso mumwe chete) kana reactive power droop control inosarudzwa kuti ivandudze kurongeka kwekugadzirisa.
3. Kutonga kwakasimba kwemagetsi: Simbisa Dziviriro uye Kudzivirira
Zvichienderana nehunhu hwemayuniti ane voltage yepamusoro, matanho ekuwedzera ekudzvinyirira magetsi anotenderera uye kuwedzera insulation anodiwa: isa mudziyo wekutarisa uye wekudzivirira magetsi anotenderera parutivi une voltage yepamusoro, uyo uchaita kuti alarm inononoka kana kugumburwa kana magetsi anotenderera adarika mwero (anopfuura 5% yemagetsi akaongororwa) kudzivirira kukuvara kwemidziyo; macircuit e-voltage excitation, zvishandiso zveAVR uye tambo dzinobatanidza dzinoshandisa insulation grade F kana kupfuura, uye dzinomira bvunzo dzemagetsi dzinoitwa nguva nenguva kuti dziongorore njodzi dzakavanzwa dzeinsulation; majenareta edhiziri ane voltage yepamusoro panzvimbo imwe chete anofanira kuedza kushandisa nzira imwechete ye excitation uye AVR model kudzivirira kusagadzikana kwehunhu hwekunze hunokonzerwa nekusanganiswa.
V. Miganhu Yakajairika uye Mazano Ebhizinesi
Zvichienderana nemutemo wenyika weGB/T 2820, kugoverwa kwesimba remagetsi edhiziri ane simba remagetsi akabatana negrid kunofanirwa kuzadzisa miganhu inotevera: kukanganisa kwekugoverwa kwesimba remagetsi, ≤±10% yemayuniti ane simba rakafanana, ≤±10% yemayuniti makuru uye ≤±20% yemayuniti madiki ane simba rakasiyana; mwero wekutonga kwemagetsi (kudonha) unodzorwa pa2%–5% (kudonha kwakanaka), uye kushanda zvakananga pamwe chete pasina kudonha kana kudonha kusina kunaka kunorambidzwa; kutenderera kwemagetsi ≤5% yemagetsi akayerwa, ayo anofanira kudzorwa zvakasimba kumayuniti ane simba remagetsi.
Pamwe chete nemakore eruzivo muindasitiri, tinokurudzira kuti mabhizinesi anyatsotevedzera misimboti ye "pre-grid connection calibration, post-grid connection monitoring uye regular maintenance" kana majenareta edhiziri ane voltage yepamusoro ari kushanda negrid-connected: tarisa pa calibrating droop coefficient, no-load voltage uye PT/CT parameters usati wabatanidza grid; tarisa real-time reactive power distribution, circulating current uye equipment tembiricha mushure mekubatanidza grid; gara uchiongorora uye uchichengetedza excitation system uye insulation performance kudzivirira reactive power distribution-related faults kubva kunobva uye kuve nechokwadi chekuti unit ne power grid zvinoshanda zvakanaka.
Kana mukasangana nematambudziko chaiwo mukugoverwa kwesimba remagetsi emagetsi ane simba guru redhiziri, munogona kubata timu yedu yehunyanzvi, uye tichakupai gwara nemhinduro zvakanangana nemunhu mumwe nemumwe panzvimbo iyoyo.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-28-2026
