Muzviitiko zvakakosha zvakaita senzvimbo dzedata, mafekitori makuru, zvipatara, uye nzvimbo dzemagetsi ekukurumidza,seti dzejenareta yedhiziri ine simba guruinoshanda senzvimbo huru yekutsigira magetsi kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti magetsi anowanikwa pasina kukanganiswa uye kuita basa rakakosha rekuwanikwa kwemagetsi panguva yekudzima kwemagetsi. Kushanda kwakasimba uye kwakachengeteka kwemaseti ejenareta ane voltage yakawanda kwakabatana zvakananga nekuvimbika kwehurongwa hwese hwemagetsi pamwe nekuchengetedzeka kwevashandi nemidziyo. Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva injini, jenareta, uye system yekudzora yemaseti ejenareta, asi kazhinji vanokanganwa mudziyo usingabatsiri asi wakakosha — iyokabhineti yekudzivirira pasi isina kwayakarerekera(inonzi kabhineti inodzivisa kudzika kwevhu). Ichishanda se "vharuvhu yekudzivirira vhudzi" uye "firewall yekukanganisa" yesystem yemagetsi ejenareta, chishandiso chakakosha musystem yekudzivirira kudzika kwevhu remaseti ejenareta edhiziri ane simba guru, ichichengetedza chinyararire kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda kwemaseti ejenareta nesystem yese yemagetsi.
1. Chii chinonzi Grounding Resistance Cabinet?
Kabhineti inodzivisa kudzika kwejenareta yedhiziri ine simba guru i seti yakazara yemidziyo yekudzivirira kudzika yakagadzirirwa maseti ejenareta ane simba guru re6kV ~ 20kV. Inonyanya kuumbwa nema resistors ane simba guru, zvivakwa zvinodzivirira kudzika, zvikamu zvekutarisa kukanganisa, makabati akavharwa nezvimwe zvikamu. Nzira yekuisa kwayo yakakosha: mugumo mumwe wakabatana nenzvimbo isina kusimba yejenareta, uye mumwe mugumo wakabatana netiweki yefekitori yekudzika. Chaizvoizvo, inovaka nzira yekudzika inodzorwa uye yakachengeteka yenzvimbo isina kusimba yeseti dzejenareta yedhiziri ine simba guru.
Kusiyana nenzira iri nyore yekudzika yakananga yemaseti ejenareta ane voltage shoma, maseti ejenareta ane voltage yepamusoro anorambidzwa zvachose kudzika yakananga kana kushanda pasina ground. Kudzika yakananga kunokonzera kukanganisa kwakawanda uye kunopisa pakarepo ma stator windings ejenareta; kudzika kwakazara kunotungamira kunjodzi dzakavanda dzakadai sekukwira kwesimba remagetsi uye kuburitsa arc nguva dzose. Nekushandisa ma resistors akakodzerana nemazvo ekuisa pasi neutral point resistance, kabhineti yekudzivirira pasi inoenzanisa zvakakwana kuchengetedzeka kwekushanda uye kugadzikana kwemaseti ejenareta ane voltage yakawanda, zvichiita kuti ive mudziyo wekudzivirira wakatsaurirwa wakagadzirirwa hunhu hwemasisitimu emagetsi ane voltage yakawanda.
2. Nheyo Yekushanda Yekutanga yeCabinet Yekudzivirira Kudzika
Munguva yekushanda kwakasimba uye kwakajairika kweseti yejenareta ine voltage yakawanda, voltage yesystem inoyerwa pasina zvikanganiso zvekuisa pasi, uye kugona kwenzvimbo isina kusimba kunoswedera pedyo ne zero. Kabhineti resistance yekuisa pasi inoramba iri mumamiriro akamira isina magetsi anopinda nepakati, zvichikonzera kusapindirana kana kurasikirwa nemagetsi pakugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwakajairika uye kutakurwa kweyuniti.
Kanakukanganisa kwepasi kwechikamu chimwe chete(kukanganisa kunonyanya kuitika mumasisitimu ane voltage yakawanda, kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekukwegura kweinsulation, kupera kwemutsara, kurohwa nemheni, uye kusangana kwezvinhu zvekunze) kunoitika panguva yekushanda kweyuniti, voltage yechikamu chisina kunaka inodonha zvakanyanya, mukana wekuti neutral point ukwire zvisingawanzoitiki, uye capacitive grounding fault current inogadzirwa musystem. Panguva ino, kabhineti yegrounding resistance inotanga kushanda ipapo ipapo. Resistive resistor yakabatana mufault loop kuti ichinje hunhu nehukuru hwefault current, inoderedza current uye ishandise simba kuburikidza neresistance, inoderedza frequency voltage isina kujairika, uye inopa zviratidzo zvefault zvakagadzikana zvemidziyo yekudzivirira relay kuti iwane yambiro yekutanga uye kurasa fault, zvichidzivirira zvakanyanya scale escalation.
3. Mabasa mana makuru eCabinet yeGrounding Resistance
3.1 Kuderedza Zvikanganiso Nemazvo uye Kudzivirira Zvishandiso zveCore Unit
Iri ndiro basa guru uye guru remakabhineti ekudzivirira kudzika. Chigadziko chekudzivirira kutenderera kwe stator cheseti dzejenareta ine voltage yepamusoroYakarurama uye haina kusimba. Kana paine dambudziko rekudzika kwechikamu chimwe chete, pasina muganho we resistance current, system capacitive current ichakwira nekukasika kusvika mazana kana kunyange zviuru zveamperes. Huru fault current ichagadzira ma arcs anodziya zvakanyanya anopisa zvakananga nekupwanya stator iron core uye winding insulation. Muzviitiko zvishoma, inokonzera kukuvara kwe insulation uye kudzikira kwekushanda kweyuniti; muzviitiko zvakakomba, inotungamira mukunyunguduka kwe iron core uye kupisa kwe winding, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwemidziyo kwemakumi ezviuru kana mazana ezviuru zve yuan uye kutenderera kwenguva refu kwekugadzirisa.
Kabhineti rekudzivirira pasi rinogona kuenzana nehukuru hwekudzivirira nemazvo zvichienderana nekugona kweyuniti, richiganhurira zvakanyanya simba rekudzivirira pasi mukati mehuwandu hwakachengeteka hwejenareta ine voltage yakawanda (inowanzo dzora mukati me50A yemayuniti ane voltage yakawanda). Haingodziviriri chete kupisa kwemidziyo kunokonzerwa nesimba guru, asiwo inochengetedza simba rakakwana rekudzivirira kuti itange michina yekudzivirira, ichiwana mhedzisiro yakanaka yekudzivirira "simba rekudzivirira pasina kuvhara alarm" uye ichiwedzera hupenyu hweseti dzejenareta.
3.2 Dzvinyirira Arcs uye Overvoltage Kudzivirira Tsaona Dzemagetsi
Mumasystem emagetsi ane voltage yepamusoro, zvikanganiso zvekuisa pasi kwechikamu chimwe chete zvinogona kukonzera ma arc anochinja-chinja. Kupera uye kubatidzazve ma arc kunokonzera overvoltage inodarika nguva (arc overvoltage) ka3 kusvika ka5 pane phase voltage. High voltage yakadaro inoputsa chimiro che insulation chemidziyo inotsigira senge mitsetse, switchgears nema transformers, zvichikonzera zvikanganiso zvekudonha kwemagetsi zvinosanganisira multi-point short circuits uye kuputika kwemidziyo, izvo zvinoisa panjodzi kuchengetedzeka kwesystem yese yemagetsi.
Simba rekudzivirira rinounzwa nekabati rekudzivirira pasi rinogona kugadzirisa musiyano wechikamu chesimba remagetsi, kuderedza zvikuru mukana wekuti simba remagetsi ridzoke, uye kukurumidza kudzima ma "grounding fault arcs". Panguva iyi, rinogona kudzikamisa zvakanyanya simba remagetsi rinodarika simba uye kudzora kushanduka kwesimba remagetsi mukati memiganhu yakachengeteka, richibvisa zvachose njodzi yekuputsika kwesimba remagetsi uye kudzimwa kwesimba remagetsi kukuru kunokonzerwa nemagetsi anodarika simba, uye kuona kuti masisitimu ane simba remagetsi akawandisa anoshanda zvakanaka.
3.3 Gadzirisa Dziviriro yeRelay uye Ziva Nzvimbo Yakarurama Yekukanganisa
Kana nzvimbo isina kusimba yeyuniti ine voltage yakawanda ikavhurwa, magetsi anokonzerwa nekutadza kwepasi anenge asina kusimba zvakanyanya, zvichiita kuti zviomere michina yekudzivirira relay kuona zviratidzo zvepasi nemazvo. Izvi zvinotungamira nyore nyore pakuramba kana kusashandisa michina yekudzivirira, kutadza kuona zvikanganiso nenguva, uye kuwedzera zvikanganiso zvidiki kuita tsaona huru.
Mushure mekunge kabhineti rekudzivirira pasi yatanga kushanda, inopa simba rekudzivirira resistive fault current rakagadzikana uye rinodzoreka resisitimu, zvichiita kuti zvishandiso zvekudzivirira relay zvikwanise kubata zviratidzo zvefault nekukurumidza uye zvakajeka, uye kutonga nemazvo nzvimbo nerudzi rwefaults. Inogona kuona alarm chaiyo nenzvimbo chaiyo yefaults diki dzepasi dzeyuniti, uye nekukurumidza kukonzera dziviriro yekugumburwa kuti icheke fault circuit kana paine faults dzakakomba kudzivirira fault diffusion, zvichivandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwefault disposable uye intelligent protection level yepower system.
3.4 Chengetedza Kuchengetedzeka Kwemunhu uye Vaka Chidziviriro Chekuchengetedza Simba Chakasimba
Kana paine matambudziko emaseti ejenareta ane voltage yakawanda, magetsi asina kujairika uye magetsi anobuda achaendeswa kumagoko emidziyo nemitsara yekudzika, zvichiunza njodzi huru dzekuvhundutswa kwemagetsi ane voltage yakawanda kuvashandi panguva yekuongorora nekugadzirisa. Nekudzikamisa kugona kwenzvimbo isina kusimba uye kuderedza kuvhundutswa kwemagetsi, kabhineti rekudzivirira kuvhundutswa kwemagetsi zvinobudirira inoderedza magetsi epasi emagoko emidziyo, inodzora magetsi ekubatana uye magetsi ematanho mukati mekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, inobvisa njodzi dzekuvhundutswa kwemagetsi kubva pasi pekugadzirwa kwemidziyo, uye inovaka chipingamupinyi chakasimba chekudzivirira kuchengetedzeka kwevashandi vekushanda nekugadzirisa.
4. Zvikonzero Zvikuru zveKuisa Makabati Anodzivisa Kudzika Kwevhu paMayuniti Ane Voltage Yakawanda
Majenareta mazhinji ane voltage shoma haadi makabati ekudzivirira pasi, izvo zvinotsanangura kusaziva kweveruzhinji nezvemuchina uyu. Zvisinei,majenareta edhiziri ane simba remagetsi re6kV zvichikwira anofanira kunge aine makabati ekudzivirira pasiMasisitimu ane voltage shoma ane njodzi dzemagetsi mashoma uye njodzi dzemagetsi mashoma, uye kudzika kwakananga kunogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza. Kusiyana neizvi, masisitimu ane voltage yakawanda ane voltage yakakwira uye huwandu hwesimba rakawanda, uye kusavapo kwekudzivirira kwekudzivirira pasi kunotungamira kunjodzi dzinogara dziripo dzekupiswa kwemidziyo, kuparara kwesisitimu uye kuvhunduka kwemagetsi.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu epamusoro-soro akadai senzvimbo dzedata, makamuri makuru ekurapa, mitsetse yekugadzira maindasitiri uye nzvimbo dzemagetsi ekukurumidza, kugadzikana kwemagetsi emaseti ejenareta edhiziri ane voltage yepamusoro kwakabatana zvakananga nekushanda kwakajairika kwekugadzira uye hupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Semudziyo wekudzivirira usingashande, kabhineti yekudzivirira pasi haidi kushanda nemaoko kana simba rekunze, uye inopindura otomatiki panguva chaiyo kana paine zvikanganiso zvakanyanya. Ichi chishandiso chepakati chisingatsiviwi musystem yekudzivirira pasi yemaseti ejenareta ane voltage yepamusoro uye zvakare chinodiwa chekuchengetedza simba remaindasitiri.
5. Mhedziso: Kabhineti Diki rine Mabasa Makuru
Semudziyo wekubatsira unoita seuri nyore, kabhineti inodzivisa kudzika inoshanda semuchengeti wekuchengetedza usingaonekwe wemajenareta edhiziri ane simba guru. Haibatanidzwi mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi kana kukanganisa magetsi akajairika, asi inogona kudzivirira njodzi dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuchengetedza magetsi kuburikidza nekudzika kwemagetsi, kupera kwemagetsi, kugadzikana kwemagetsi, dziviriro yemidziyo uye dziviriro yemunhu panguva dzakaoma dzezvikanganiso zvinongoerekana zvaitika, zvichiita kuti majenareta ane simba guru ashande kwenguva refu uye zvakachengeteka.
Kune masisitimu ekugadzira magetsi ane simba guru redhiziri, kabhineti inodzivisa kudzika pasi haisi chinhu chingasarudzwa, asi chinhu chinodiwa chinovimbisa hupenyu hwekushanda kwemidziyo, kugadzikana kwesisitimu uye kuchengetedzeka kwemunhu, ichishanda sedombo guru rekushanda kwakachengeteka kwemasisitimu emagetsi ane simba guru.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-10-2026
