Chekutanga, tinofanira kuganhurira hurukuro iyi kuti tisaite kuti ive isina kunyatsojeka. Jenareta iri kutaurwa pano rinoreva jenareta isina mabhurashi, ine zvikamu zvitatu zveAC synchronous, iyo inozongonzi "jenareta" chete.
Rudzi urwu rwejenareta rune zvikamu zvikuru zvitatu, izvo zvichataurwa muhurukuro inotevera:
Jenareta huru, yakakamurwa kuita stator huru nerotor huru; Rotor huru inopa simba remagineti, uye stator huru inogadzira magetsi ekupa mutoro; Exciter, yakakamurwa kuita exciter stator nerotor; Exciter stator inopa simba remagineti, rotor inogadzira magetsi, uye mushure mekugadziriswa ne rotator inotenderera, inopa simba kune rotor huru; Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) inoona voltage inobuda yejenareta huru, inodzora magetsi e exciter stator coil, uye inozadzisa chinangwa chekudzikamisa voltage inobuda ye stator huru.
Tsananguro yebasa rekusimbisa voltage yeAVR
Chinangwa cheAVR ndechekuchengetedza voltage inobuda mujenareta yakasimba, inozivikanwa se "voltage stabilizer".
Basa rayo nderekuwedzera stator current ye exciter kana voltage inobuda yejenareta yakaderera pane yakatarwa, izvo zvakaenzana nekuwedzera excitation current ye main rotor, zvichiita kuti voltage yejenareta huru ikwire kusvika pakakosha yakatarwa; Kusiyana neizvi, deredza excitation current uye bvumira voltage kudzikira; Kana voltage inobuda yejenareta yakaenzana neyakaiswa, AVR inochengetedza output iripo pasina kugadzirisa.
Uyezve, zvichienderana nehukama hwechikamu pakati pemagetsi nemagetsi, mitoro yeAC inogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvitatu:
Mutoro wekudzivirira, uko magetsi ari muchikamu nemagetsi akaiswa pairi; Mutoro wekusimudzira, chikamu chemagetsi chiri kunonoka kumashure kwemagetsi; Mutoro wemagetsi, chikamu chemagetsi chiri pamberi pemagetsi. Kuenzanisa hunhu hutatu hwemutoro kunotibatsira kunzwisisa zviri nani mitoro yemagetsi.
Pamitoro inodzivisa, mutoro wacho mukuru, ndipo panodiwawo simba guru rekufambisa mhepo (main rotor) (kuitira kuti voltage inobuda yejenareta igadzikane).
Muhurukuro inotevera, tichashandisa simba rekuwedzera simba rinodiwa pakutakura zvinhu zvinodzivirira simba senzira yekutarisa, zvinoreva kuti zvakakura zvinonzi zvakakura; Tinozviti zvidiki pane izvozvo.
Kana mutoro wejenareta uchibatsira, rotor huru inoda simba guru rekukurudzira kuti jenareta irambe iine voltage yakasimba.
Mutoro wekutakura
Kana jenareta ikasangana nemutoro we capacitive, simba re excitation rinodiwa ne main rotor rinenge diki, zvinoreva kuti simba re excitation rinofanira kuderedzwa kuitira kuti voltage inobuda yejenareta igadzikane.
Sei izvi zvakaitika?
Tinofanira kuramba tichiyeuka kuti magetsi ari pamutoro wemagetsi ari pamberi pemagetsi, uye magetsi aya anotungamira (anoyerera nepakati pe stator huru) achaburitsa magetsi anokonzerwa nemagetsi pa rotor huru, ayo anowanikwa zvakanaka pamwe chete ne excitation current, zvichiwedzera simba remagineti re rotor huru. Saka magetsi anobva pa exciter anofanira kuderedzwa kuitira kuchengetedza voltage inobuda yejenareta yakasimba.
Kana capacitive load yakakura, exciter inobuda shoma; Kana capacitive load ikawedzera kusvika pamwero wakati, exciter inobuda inofanira kuderedzwa kusvika pazero. Exciter inobuda pazero, inova ndiyo muganho wejenareta; Panguva ino, voltage inobuda yejenareta haizozvigadzike, uye rudzi urwu rwemagetsi haruna kukodzera. Muganho uyu unozivikanwawo se'pasi pe excitation limitation'.
Jenareta inogona kungogamuchira mutoro wakaganhurirwa chete; (Ehe, kune jenareta yakatarwa, kunewo miganho pahukuru hwemitoro inodzivisa kana inductive.)
Kana purojekiti ichinetseka ne capacitive loads, zvinokwanisika kusarudza kushandisa IT power sources dzine capacitance diki pa kilowatt, kana kushandisa inductors kuti muripo upere. Usarega generator set ichishanda pedyo nenzvimbo "yepasi pe excitation limit".
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-07-2023
